Ka ntlafatso e tsoelang pele ea litekanyetso tse phelang tsa lintho tse bonahalang, batho ba lefa haholoanyane litlhoko tsa maikutlo, 'me ba batla liphofu tsa moea le ho boloka liphoofolo tsa lapeng. Ka ho hola ha litokelo tsa phepelo ea liphoofolo, tlhoko ea liphoofolo tsa lapeng le lits'ebeletso tsa liphoofolo tse fapaneng tsa lapeng li ntse li totobetse, 'me lits'ebeletso tsa liphoofolo tse ngata tsa liphoofolo li ntse li eketseha le ho khanna kholiso e potlakileng ea indasteri ea lapeng.
Indasteri ea liphoofolo tsa lapeng e bile le ketane e fetang lilemo tse lekholo tsa nkrimiste, 'me e' nile ea theha khoebo ea liipone, e holileng lapeng, koetliso ea bongaka. Har'a bona, indasteri ea sehlahisoa sa phoofolo ea lapeng ke ea lekala la bohlokoa la indasteri ea lapeng, le lihlahisoa tsa eona tsa sehlooho li kenyelletsa lihlahisoa tsa boloi tsa lapeng, bohloeki, jj.
1. Kakaretso ea nktheri ea indasteri ea kantle ho naha
Indasteri ea liphoofolo tsa lefatše ea lefats'e e ile ea mela ka mor'a phetoho ea indasteri ea Marithane, 'me e qalile linaheng tse tsoetseng pele,' me lihole tse tsoetseng pele ka tlas'a liindasteri tsa indasteri li se li ithutile. Hona joale, 'maraka oa liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng ke lefats'eng,' me 'maraka oa Asia le ona oa asia hape ke' mebaraka oa liphoofolo tsa lapeng.
(1) mmaraka oa liphoofolo tsa lapeng
Indasteri ea lapeng United States e na le pale e telele ea nts'etsopele. E se e fetile ts'ebetsong ea ho kopana ho tsoa mabenkeleng a ho fetisa mabenkeleng a ho fumana mabenkeleng a felletseng, a maholo le litsebi tsa thekiso ea liphoofolo tsa lapeng. Hajoale, ketane ea indasteri e holile tsebong. Mmaraka oa liphoofolo tse ruuoang Amerika o khetholloa ke palo e kholo ea liphoofolo tsa lapeng, litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa ho kenella tsa lapeng, litšenyehelo tsa tšebeliso ea popo e phahameng ea liphoofolo le litlhoko tse matla tsa liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng. Hajoale 'maraka o moholo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng lefatšeng.
Lilemong tsa morao tjena, boholo ba 'maraka oa Li-Pet tsa Amerika o tsoetse pele ho hola,' me tšebeliso ea lithaba e tšesaane e ntse e le selemo sa kholo ea kholo e tsitsitseng. Ho latela Mokhatlo oa Lihlahisoa tsa Maame oa Maame oa Amerika Boholo ba marang-rang ba indasteri ea Pet ea US bo se bo le US $ 48.35 ho rona $ 103.6 Billion, ka sekhahla sa kholo ea 7.92%.
Katleho ea 'maraka oa liphoofolo tse ruuoang US e bakiloe ke lintlha tse ngata tse ka bakang moruo, litekanyetso tsa nama le moetlo a lintho tse bonahalang. E bontšitse tlhokomeliso e matla e matla ho tloha tsoelo-pele ea eona 'me e anngoe hanyane ka hanyane ea moruo. Ka 2020, e anngoeng ke lefu la seoa le lefu la seoa, US Gdp e ile ea ba le kholo e mpe ka lekhetlo la pele ka lekhetlo la pele ka lilemo tse leshome, tlase ho 232% ea selemo ho tloha ka 2019; Le hoja re ile ra tšoaroa hampe macroyement, litšenyehelo tsa petronutures li ntse li bontša mokhoa o holimo mme oa lula o tsitsitse. Keketseho ea 6.696 ha e bapisoa le 2019.
Lengolo la ho kenella tsa malapa a lapeng United States le phahame, 'me palo ea liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng e kholo. Hona joale liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng e se e le karolo ea bohlokoa ea bophelo ba Amerika. Ho latela lintlha tsa data, batho ba ka bang limilione tse 84,9 United States 2019, ba ikarabellang ho 67% ea malapa ana kaofela, 'me karolo ena e tla tsoela pele ho tsoha. Karolo ea malapa a nang le liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng e lebelletsoe ho eketseha ho 70% ho 2021. Ho ka bonoa hore setso sa phoofolo ea lapeng le na le sephatlalatseng se phahameng United States. Batho ba bangata ba bangata ba Amerika khetha ho boloka liphoofolo le metsoalle. Liphoofolo tsa lapeng li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa malapeng a Amerika. Tlas'a tšusumetso ea setso sa phoofolo ea lapeng, 'maraka oa liphoofolo tse ruuoang US o na le motheo o moholo oa ho ba teng.
Ntle le sekhahla se phahameng sa malapa a phoofolo ea lapeng, US ka litšenyehelo tsa tšebeliso ea mokokotlo oa Capita le tsona li le maemong a pele lefatšeng. Ho latela tlhaiso-leseling ea sechaba, ka 2019, United States ke eona feela naha ea tšebeliso ea lidolara tse fetang 150, ho feta 'muso o mong oa bobeli. Litšenyehelo tsa tšebeliso e phahameng ea capita li bonts'a mohopolo o tsoetseng pele oa ho holisa liphoofolo le mekhoa ea lapeng.
E ipapisitse le lintlha tse ngata tse kang tsa phoofolo e matla ea lapeng, sebaka sa polokelo ea malapa, le boholo ba indasteri ea Amerika ea US li khona ho hola. Tlas'a mobu oa boiketlo ba ho ata ha liphoofolo tsa lapeng le tlhokahalo e matla ea US e ntse e tsoela pele ho kopanya li-plats tsa khoebo tse ngata tsa thekiso ea matlo, joalo ka e-commerce e ngata Li-letano tse kang Amazon, Wal-Mart, li-morekisi ba sehlahisoa se ikhethileng, le Petco, Sehlahisoa sa sehlahisoa sa Pet se bohareng Li-pland tsa thekiso li fetohile liteishene tsa bohlokoa tsa thekiso ea lihlahisoa tsa lapeng kapa baetsi ba phoofolo ea lapeng, etsa pokello ea sehlahisoa le ho khothaletsa nts'etsopele ea lintho tse kholo.
(2) Mmaraka oa Pet European
Hona joale, boholo ba 'maraka oa Europe oa Europe o bonts'a mokhoa o tsitsitseng oa kholo,' me thekiso ea lihlahisoa tsa liphoofolo tsa lapeng e ntse e eketseha selemo le selemo. Ho latela data ea indasteri ea Europe ea Europe ea federation (Fedeaf), tšebeliso eohle ea li-euro tsa Europe ka 2020 e tla bapisoa le 2019; Har'a bona, thekiso ea lijo tsa phoofolo ea lapeng ka 2020 e tla ba li-euro tse limilione tse 21,8 e tla ba li-euro tsa liphoofolo tsa lapeng e tla ba li-euro tse likete tse 92. Li-euro tse limilione, le thekiso ea lits'ebeletso tsa pet e ne e le li-euro tse limilione tse likete, keketseho ha e bapisoa le 2019.
Sekhahla sa ho kenella ka lapeng la ntlo ea naha ea Europe e phahame haholo. Ho latela data ea federia ea 'maraka oa pente ea Europe. Ka 2020, Romania le Poland ke linaha tse nang le lipehelo tse phahameng ka ho fetisisa tsa lapeng, 'me litheko tsa ho kenella lapeng le lintja li fihlile ho 42%. Litefiso le tsona li feta 40%.
Menyetla ea Ncha ea Indasteri
(1) tekanyo ea 'maraka oa downstream o ntse o tsoela pele ho hola
Ka ho atisa ho atile ha ho boloka liphoofolo tsa lapeng, ho bontšitse nako ea indasteri ea liphoofolo tsa lapeng hape, e bontšitse nako ea ho hola butle-butle, 'marakeng oa lapeng le ea lapeng. Ho latela data ho tsoa mekhatlo ea lihlahisoa tsa liphoofolo tsa lapeng ea Amerika Sekhahla sa kholo ea 7.92%; Ho latela datha ho tsoa khoebong ea lijo tsa Europe (Fedeaf), tšebeliso ea liphoofolo tse limilione tse 20 tse fumanehang ka 2020, ho bapisoa le 2019 ho bapisoa le 2019; Mmaraka oa liphoofolo tsa lapeng oa Japane, e leng o moholo ka ho fetisisa Asia, o bontšitse kholo e tsitsitseng lilemong tsa morao tjena. Tloaelo ea kholo, e bolokang sekhahla sa kholo ea selemo le selemo sa 1.5% -2%; 'me' maraka oa lapeng o kene ka har'a sethala sa ho hola ka potlako lilemong tsa morao tjena. Ho tloha ka 2010 ho isa ho 2020, boholo ba 'maraka oa tšebeliso ea liphoofolo o eketsehile ka potlako ho tloha ho limilione tse likete tse 146.5
Bakeng sa indasteri ea lapeng ea linaheng tse tsoetseng pele, ka lebaka la qalo ea eona ea pele e tsoetseng pele le nts'etsopele ea holileng tsebong, e bontšitse tlhoko e matla ea liphoofolo tsa lapeng le lihlahisoa tsa lijo tse amanang le lijo. Ho lebelletsoe hore boholo ba mmaraka bo tla lula bo tsitsitse hape bo phahama nakong e tlang; China ke 'maraka o hlahang indastering ea lapeng. Mmaraka, o ipapisitse le lintho tse kang nts'etsopele ea moruo, liphetoho tsa mohopolo oa lapeng o tla tsoela pele ho boloka mokhoa oa ho hola nakong e tlang.
Ka kakaretso, ho teba le ho ba le baahi ba ho lula lapeng le mose ho maoatle ho tlisa menyetla ea khoebo le nts'etsopele nakong e tlang.
(2) Likhopolo tsa tšebeliso ea tikoloho le temohisiso ea tikoloho e khothalelitse tlhahiso ea indasteri
Lihlahisoa tsa lapeng tsa pele li ile tsa kopana le litlhoko tsa mantlha tsa ts'ebetso, ka mesebetsi e le 'ngoe ea moralo le lits'ebetso tse bonolo tsa tlhahiso. Ka ntlafatso ea melao ea batho, mohopolo oa "ho ameha hoa batho, 'me batho ba na le tlhokomelo e matla haholoanyane ho khothatso ea liphoofolo tsa lapeng. Linaha tse ling tsa Europe le United States li li'o matlafatsa tšusumetso ea litokelo tsa mantlha tsa litokelo tsa bona le ho matlafatsa taolo ea liphoofolo tsa lapeng. Mabaka a mangata a amanang a khothallelitse batho hore a se ke a eketsa litlhoko tsa bona tsa lihlahisoa tsa liphoofolo tsa lapeng le ho ikemisetsa ha bona. Lihlahisoa tsa liphoofolo tsa lapeng li boetse li sebetsa ka makhetlo-mmoho, li-mofanis le tse fesheneng, tse nang le mats'oalo, ka sehlahisoa se ntlafalitsoeng le sehlahisoa se ntseng se eketseha.
Hona joale, ha e bapisoa le linaha tse tsoetseng pele le libaka tse kang Europe le United States, lihlahisoa tsa nama ha li sebelisoa haholo naheng ea heso. Ha boikemisetso ba ho jala liphoofolo tsa lapeng lia eketseha, karolo ea lihlahisoa tsa liphoofolo tse rekiloeng ka potlako le eona e tla ntlafatsa ntiopele ea indasteri.
Nako ea poso: Dec-13-2023
